Kawasaki disease
Syndrome
Causes and risk factors
Diagnosis
Kawasaki's Disease is a rare disease that affects children under the age of five. This disease is characterized by acute inflammation of the vessels whose source is unknown. Symptoms of the disease include fever, rash, eye inflammation, redness of the pharynx and oral cavity, swelling of the palms of the hands and feet and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. There is an argument over the source of the disease among doctors, but according to the prevailing opinion, the source of the disease is inflammation (viral or bacterial toxin allergy).
Kawasaki disease was first discovered in 1967 in Japan, and similar cases were discovered 9 years later, in Hawaii, in the United States of America, which made researchers assume a hypothesis about the presence of a special virus, in the region between Japan and Hawaii, but this assumption has not been proven. Recent research indicates that the source of the disease is genetic.
Kawasaki's disease affects the health of many children, as it leads to infections throughout their bodies. It can cause heart, myocarditis, pericardial membrane (Pericarditis) or inflammation of the heart valves (Valvulitis).
In addition, Kawasaki disease leads to the development (development) of meningitis (inflammation of the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord).
Other infections associated with this disease are: infections of the skin, eyes, lungs, lymph nodes and joints. However, the most serious problem associated with Kawasaki disease is acute inflammation of the blood vessels (Vasculitis), especially the medium-sized arteries. Vasculitis is the most dangerous, especially when it affects the coronary vessels of the heart (damaged blood vessels expand in such cases, which leads to blockages in the arteries and the lack of oxygen-rich blood as it should) which increases the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). (Heart attack), in very young age groups.
Kawasaki disease, in the United States and other industrialized countries, is the leading cause of heart disease (not including birth defects) in children. The disease is somewhat rare, and affects approximately less than 1 out of 5,000 children (under the age of five).
Kawasaki disease symptoms
Kawasaki disease does not have tests, which can confirm the presence of the disease in the sick child; therefore, doctors diagnose the disease, depending on the combination of symptoms present in the patient. The disease appears as a combination of 4 expected symptoms. These symptoms include: The temperature rises continuously without changing for at least 5 days.
Redness of the flesh of the eyes without the presence of purulent secretions.
Different types of rashes that appear on the back and extremities, and usually include the area of diapers in infants.
Mouth changes include: red and cracked lips, red tongue like strawberry, redness of the pharynx.
Swelling and redness in the palms of the hands and feet.
In the second or third week of this disease, scaling appears on the edges of the fingers.
The appearance of enlarged lymph nodes, usually on one side of the neck.
Feeling weak in the arms or legs.
Muscle weakness in the face.
Abnormal heartbeat.
Signs of heart failure.
Sometimes, other symptoms appear, such as pain and swelling in the joints, abdominal pain, diarrhea, irritation, headache, and others.
Causes and risk factors for Kawasaki disease
The source of Kawasaki disease is not yet known, but genetic factors and viral infections that can cause the disease are suspected.
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